More efficient treatment-Ibrance

June 22, 2015

Currently, there are three major hormone therapies used for breast cancer. The major functions of these therapies are to block ovarian function, estrogen function and the effects of estrogen. The most common treatments for cancer are chemotherapy and radiation. Chemotherapy is the use of chemical drugs to slow and stop fast growing cancer cells. However, in addition to cancer cells, many healthy cells can be affected as well. Radiation treatment uses waves, for example, x-rays or gamma rays to target cancer cells. Unlike chemotherapy that can affect the entire body, radiation can target a specific area. Often the two are used together for the treatment of cancer. Both treatments have serious side effects that includes fatigue and hair loss. Although chemotherapy and radiation are the most common treatments, hormone therapy is also available for hormone responsive breast cancer.

Currently, a drug called, ibrance is used as a breast cancer therapy. A study,Palbociclib in Hormone-Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer”, has shown that taking Ibrance (palbociclib) with standard hormone treatment will help breast cancer patients to live without cancer progression. The principle of hormone therapies is based on the fact that estrogen is the main source of promoting cell division. Therefore, hormone therapy can only be used on cancer cells that are receptive to hormones such as estrogen (also known as HER2- Breast Cancer). The FDA has approved Ibrance for metastasized HER2-breast cancer patients who have not taken treatment for the advanced disease. Normal cells divide about 2-3 times throughout its life, however, cancer is a disease that cells proliferate without control. Formal hormone therapy use drugs to block or eliminate the estrogen receptor on the cell. Similar to hormone therapy, ibrance regulates the tumor by regulating cell division through controlling kinase activity (breastcancer.org). Kinase is an enzyme that promotes cell division by combining molecules that take a role in cell to proceed to next stage of cell division. By combining ibrance and formal hormone therapy, it is expected that the effect of the regulating breast cancer increased, which means the progression of breast cancer diminish. Unfortunately, the cost of ibrance is expensive and most insurance companies do not provide coverage. UBCF offers several programs to help breast cancer patients. Individual grants can be given to help patients to pay their treatment. Since most of the breast cancer patients can not afford to pay for the Ibrance, UBCF’s programs can help women and men access other treatment options.

현재 세개의 주요한 호르몬테라피가 유방암환자들에게 실시되고 있습니다. 호르몬테라피의 중요한 기능은 난소와 에스트로젠의 기능을 막거나, 억제시키는 것입니다. 암에 쓰이는 대부분의 테라피는 화학요법과 방사선입니다. 화학요법은 화학성분으로 자라나는 암세포를 억제시키거나 느리게 진행시키게 하는것입니다. 그러나, 화학요법은 암세포 뿐만 아니라 일반세포에게도 영향을 미칩니다. 방사선은 xray와 감마 레이와 같은 파동을 이용해 암을 치료합니다. 화학요법이 전신을 공격하는것과 달리, 방사선을 특정분야만을 목표로합니다. 종종 두개의 트리트먼트가 동시에 사용될때가 있습니다. 두개의 treatment는 탈모와 피로라는 부작용을 돈반합니다. 비록 화학요법과 방사선이 주요한 treatment이긴하지만, 호르몬테라피는 유방암에 종종 이용되기합니다.

현재 ibrance라는 약이 유방암에 쓰여지고 있습니다. “Palbociclib in Hormone-Receptor-positive advance Breast cancer”이라는 스터디는 Ibrance를 일반적인 호르몬 테라피와 병행하는것이 암이 커지는 것을 억제하는것에 도움을 준다는 것을 알아냈습니다. 호르몬테라피는 에스트로젠이 세포분열의 중요한 소스라는 사실을 기반으로 하고있습니다. FDA는 HER-2 유방암 환자들에게 ibrance 를 사용하는것을 허락했습니다. 일반적인 세포는 일생에 2-3번정도의 세포분열을합니다. 하지만, 암은 세포가 계속적으로 분열하는것을 말합니다. 이전의 호르몬테라피는 약으로 에스트로젠 리셉터를 막아서 암을 치료했습니다. 호르몬 테라피와 비슷하게, ibrance는 암세포의 kinase activity를 컨트롤합니다. ibrance 와 호르몬 테라피를 병행함으로써 암의 진행을 효과적으로 막을 수 있게 되었지만, ibrance의 가격은 현재 보험처리가 되지않아 환자들이 사용하기에는 경제적인 부담감이 있을 수 있습니다. UBCF는 유방암 환자들엑 여러가지 프로그램을 제공하고 있습니다. Individual grant는 환자들에게 수여되어 treatment를 받는데 도움을 주고 있습니다. 또한, individual grant는 ibrance 뿐만아니라 다른 treatment 에도 사용될 수 있습니다. 

http://www.onclive.com/web-exclusives/FDA-Approves-Palbociclib-for-Metastatic-Breast-Cancer

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/detailedguide/breast-cancer-treating-hormone-therapy

http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/targeted_therapies/ibrance/how-it-works

http://consumer.healthday.com/cancer-information-5/breast-cancer-news-94/new-drug-keeps-common-breast-cancer-under-control-longer-study-699862.html

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1505270

 

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